در این بخش قصد داریم ارتباط روتر سودار با روتر cisco با پروتکل های مسیریابی RIP,OSPF,ISIS و BGP بررسی کنیم . فرض کنید سناریوی زیر را داریم که روتر n1 سودار و بقیه روتر ها cisco هستند سودار با هر کدام از روترهای cisco با یک پروتکل مسیریابی کار می کند :
همسایگی RIP بین سودار و cisco
تنظیمات RIP در روتر سودار
router rip
network 200.1.2.0/24
redistribute connected
تنظیمات RIP در روتر cisco
router rip
redistribute connected
network 200.1.2.0
بررسی همسایگی در سودار و در سیسکو
سودار :
n1# sh ip rip status
Routing Protocol is "rip"
Sending updates every 30 seconds with +/-50%, next due in 28 seconds
Timeout after 180 seconds, garbage collect after 120 seconds
Outgoing update filter list for all interface is not set
Incoming update filter list for all interface is not set
Default redistribution metric is 1
Redistributing: connected
Default version control: send version 2, receive any version
Interface Send Recv Key-chain
ge0 2 1 2
Routing for Networks:
200.1.2.0/24
Routing Information Sources:
Gateway BadPackets BadRoutes Distance Last Update
200.1.2.2 1 0 120 00:00:12
Distance: (default is 120)
n1#
n1# sh ip fib
Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP,
O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, E - EIGRP, N - NHRP,
T - Table, v - VNC, V - VNC-Direct, A - Babel, D - SHARP,
F - PBR, f - OpenFabric, W - WG,
> - selected route, * - FIB route, q - queued, r - rejected, b - backup
t - trapped, o - offload failure
C>* 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, ge2, 01:23:01
R>* 2.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 200.1.2.2, ge0, weight 1, 00:10:04
C>* 200.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, ge0, 01:23:01
C>* 200.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, ge1, 01:23:01
C>* 200.1.7.0/24 is directly connected, ge3, 01:23:01
C>* 200.1.9.0/24 is directly connected, ge4, 01:23:01
C>* 222.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, loopback100, 01:23:07
n1#
cisco:
n2#sh ip rip database
1.0.0.0/8 auto-summary
1.1.1.0/24
[1] via 200.1.2.1, 00:00:03, GigabitEthernet0/0
2.0.0.0/8 auto-summary
2.1.1.0/24 redistributed
[1] via 0.0.0.0,
200.1.2.0/24 auto-summary
200.1.2.0/24 directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
n2#sh ip route rip
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, + - replicated route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 1.1.1.0 [120/1] via 200.1.2.1, 00:00:19, GigabitEthernet0/0
R 200.1.3.0/24 [120/1] via 200.1.2.1, 00:00:19, GigabitEthernet0/0
R 200.1.7.0/24 [120/1] via 200.1.2.1, 00:00:19, GigabitEthernet0/0
R 200.1.9.0/24 [120/1] via 200.1.2.1, 00:00:19, GigabitEthernet0/0
222.1.1.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
R 222.1.1.1 [120/1] via 200.1.2.1, 00:00:19, GigabitEthernet0/0
n2#
همسایگی OSPF بین سودار و cisco
تنظیمات OSPF در روتر سودار
interface ge1
no shutdown
ip address 200.1.3.1/24
ip ospf area 0
exit
!
interface ge2
no shutdown
ip address 1.1.1.1/24
ip ospf area 0
ip ospf passive
exit
!
router ospf
ospf router-id 222.1.1.1
auto-cost reference-bandwidth 100
!
تنظیمات OSPF در روتر cisco
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
ip address 200.1.3.3 255.255.255.0
ip ospf 1 area 0
duplex full
speed 1000
media-type gbic
negotiation auto
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0
ip address 3.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
ip ospf 1 area 0
negotiation auto
!
!
router ospf 1
router-id 222.3.3.3
log-adjacency-changes
passive-interface GigabitEthernet1/0
!
بررسی همسایگی در سودار و در سیسکو
سودار :
n1# sh ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
RXmtL RqstL DBsmL
222.3.3.3 1 Full/DR 39.188s 200.1.3.3 ge1:200.1.3.1
0 0 0
n1# sh ip fib
Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP,
O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, E - EIGRP, N - NHRP,
T - Table, v - VNC, V - VNC-Direct, A - Babel, D - SHARP,
F - PBR, f - OpenFabric, W - WG,
> - selected route, * - FIB route, q - queued, r - rejected, b - backup
t - trapped, o - offload failure
C>* 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, ge2, 01:43:44
R>* 2.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 200.1.2.2, ge0, weight 1, 00:30:47
O>* 3.1.1.0/24 [110/101] via 200.1.3.3, ge1, weight 1, 00:03:15
C>* 200.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, ge0, 01:43:44
C>* 200.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, ge1, 01:43:44
C>* 200.1.7.0/24 is directly connected, ge3, 01:43:44
C>* 200.1.9.0/24 is directly connected, ge4, 01:43:44
C>* 222.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, loopback100, 01:43:50
سیسکو:
n3#sh ip ospf neighbor
Neighbor ID Pri State Dead Time Address Interface
222.1.1.1 1 FULL/BDR 00:00:34 200.1.3.1 GigabitEthernet0/0
n3#sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, + - replicated route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O 1.1.1.0 [110/101] via 200.1.3.1, 00:04:45, GigabitEthernet0/0
O E2 2.0.0.0/8 [110/20] via 200.1.3.1, 00:04:45, GigabitEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 3.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
L 3.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
O E2 200.1.2.0/24 [110/20] via 200.1.3.1, 00:04:45, GigabitEthernet0/0
200.1.3.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 200.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 200.1.3.3/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
O E2 200.1.7.0/24 [110/20] via 200.1.3.1, 00:04:45, GigabitEthernet0/0
O E2 200.1.9.0/24 [110/20] via 200.1.3.1, 00:04:45, GigabitEthernet0/0
222.1.1.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
O E2 222.1.1.1 [110/20] via 200.1.3.1, 00:04:47, GigabitEthernet0/0
n3#
همسایگی ISIS بین سودار و cisco
تنظیمات ISIS در روتر سودار
!
debug isis events
!
interface lo
no ip address
exit
!
interface ge0
no shutdown
ip address 200.1.2.1/24
exit
!
interface ge1
no shutdown
ip address 200.1.3.1/24
exit
!
interface ge2
no shutdown
ip address 1.1.1.1/24
exit
!
interface ge3
no shutdown
ip address 200.1.7.1/24
ip router isis test
exit
!
interface loopback100
no shutdown
ip address 222.1.1.1/32
exit
!
router isis test
net 47.0023.1111.1111.00
metric-style transition
redistribute ipv4 connected level-1
redistribute ipv4 connected level-2
redistribute ipv4 ospf level-1
redistribute ipv4 ospf level-2
redistribute ipv4 rip level-1
redistribute ipv4 rip level-2
exit
!
end
تنظیمات ISIS در روتر cisco
interface Loopback100
ip address 222.7.7.7 255.255.255.255
!
!
interface Ethernet0/0
no ip address
shutdown
duplex auto
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
ip address 200.1.7.7 255.255.255.0
ip router isis test
duplex full
speed 1000
media-type gbic
negotiation auto
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0
ip address 7.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
negotiation auto
!
!
!
!
router isis test
net 47.0023.7777.7777.00
lsp-mtu 1000
redistribute connected
!
نکته
در تنظیم isis یک گزینه به نام metric-style وجود دارد که برای محاسبه متریک لینک ها استفاده می شود که سه حالت برای آن وجود دارد narrow , transition و wide . در soodar به صورت پیش فرض در حالت wide قرار دارد اما در سیسکو در حالت narrow . باید این تنظیم در دو طرف یکسان باشد یا در یک طرف transition باشد تا route ها تبادل گردد .
بررسی همسایگی در سودار و در سیسکو
سودار :
n1# sh isis neighbor
Area test:
System Id Interface L State Holdtime SNPA
n7 ge3 1 Up 8 ca03.c2db.0008
n7 ge3 2 Up 7 ca03.c2db.0008
n1#
n1# sh ip fib
Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP,
O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, E - EIGRP, N - NHRP,
T - Table, v - VNC, V - VNC-Direct, A - Babel, D - SHARP,
F - PBR, f - OpenFabric, W - WG,
> - selected route, * - FIB route, q - queued, r - rejected, b - backup
t - trapped, o - offload failure
C>* 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, ge2, 01:55:21
R>* 2.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 200.1.2.2, ge0, weight 1, 00:42:24
O>* 3.1.1.0/24 [110/101] via 200.1.3.3, ge1, weight 1, 00:14:52
I>* 7.1.1.0/24 [115/10] via 200.1.7.7, ge3, weight 1, 01:54:56
B>* 9.1.1.0/24 [20/0] via 200.1.9.9, ge4, weight 1, 01:28:21
C>* 200.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, ge0, 01:55:21
C>* 200.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, ge1, 01:55:21
C>* 200.1.7.0/24 is directly connected, ge3, 01:55:21
C>* 200.1.9.0/24 is directly connected, ge4, 01:55:21
C>* 222.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, loopback100, 01:55:27
I>* 222.7.7.7/32 [115/10] via 200.1.7.7, ge3, weight 1, 01:54:56
B>* 222.9.9.9/32 [20/0] via 200.1.9.9, ge4, weight 1, 01:28:21
n1#
سیسکو:
n7#sh isis neighbors
System Id Type Interface IP Address State Holdtime Circuit Id
n1 L1 Gi0/0 200.1.7.1 UP 29 n7.01
n1 L2 Gi0/0 200.1.7.1 UP 28 n7.01
n7#sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, + - replicated route
Gateway of last resort is 200.1.7.1 to network 0.0.0.0
i*L1 0.0.0.0/0 [115/10] via 200.1.7.1, GigabitEthernet0/0
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 1.1.1.0 [115/10] via 200.1.7.1, GigabitEthernet0/0
i L1 2.0.0.0/8 [115/10] via 200.1.7.1, GigabitEthernet0/0
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 3.1.1.0 [115/10] via 200.1.7.1, GigabitEthernet0/0
7.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 7.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
L 7.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
i L1 200.1.2.0/24 [115/10] via 200.1.7.1, GigabitEthernet0/0
i L1 200.1.3.0/24 [115/10] via 200.1.7.1, GigabitEthernet0/0
200.1.7.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 200.1.7.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 200.1.7.7/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
i L1 200.1.9.0/24 [115/10] via 200.1.7.1, GigabitEthernet0/0
222.1.1.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
i L1 222.1.1.1 [115/10] via 200.1.7.1, GigabitEthernet0/0
222.7.7.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 222.7.7.7 is directly connected, Loopback100
n7#
همسایگی BGP بین سودار و cisco
تنظیمات BGP در روتر سودار
interface ge4
no shutdown
ip address 200.1.9.1/24
exit
!
router bgp 65001
no bgp ebgp-requires-policy
neighbor 200.1.9.9 remote-as 65002
!
address-family ipv4 unicast
redistribute connected
redistribute rip
redistribute ospf
redistribute isis
exit-address-family
exit
!
تنظیمات BGP در روتر cisco
interface GigabitEthernet0/0
ip address 200.1.9.9 255.255.255.0
duplex full
speed 1000
media-type gbic
negotiation auto
!
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0
ip address 9.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
negotiation auto
!
!
!
router bgp 65002
bgp log-neighbor-changes
neighbor 200.1.9.1 remote-as 65001
!
address-family ipv4
no synchronization
redistribute connected
neighbor 200.1.9.1 activate
no auto-summary
exit-address-family
!
بررسی همسایگی در سودار و در سیسکو
سودار:
n1# sh ip bgp summary
IPv4 Unicast Summary (VRF default):
BGP router identifier 222.1.1.1, local AS number 65001 vrf-id 0
BGP table version 37
RIB entries 23, using 4232 bytes of memory
Peers 1, using 723 KiB of memory
Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down Sta
te/PfxRcd PfxSnt Desc
200.1.9.9 4 65002 155 171 0 0 0 00:05:54
3 12 N/A
Total number of neighbors 1
n1#
n1# sh ip fib
Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP,
O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, E - EIGRP, N - NHRP,
T - Table, v - VNC, V - VNC-Direct, A - Babel, D - SHARP,
F - PBR, f - OpenFabric, W - WG,
> - selected route, * - FIB route, q - queued, r - rejected, b - backup
t - trapped, o - offload failure
C>* 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, ge2, 02:09:13
R>* 2.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 200.1.2.2, ge0, weight 1, 00:56:16
O>* 3.1.1.0/24 [110/101] via 200.1.3.3, ge1, weight 1, 00:28:44
I>* 7.1.1.0/24 [115/10] via 200.1.7.7, ge3, weight 1, 02:08:48
B>* 9.1.1.0/24 [20/0] via 200.1.9.9, ge4, weight 1, 00:07:15
C>* 200.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, ge0, 02:09:13
C>* 200.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, ge1, 02:09:13
C>* 200.1.7.0/24 is directly connected, ge3, 02:09:13
C>* 200.1.9.0/24 is directly connected, ge4, 02:09:13
C>* 222.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, loopback100, 02:09:19
I>* 222.7.7.7/32 [115/10] via 200.1.7.7, ge3, weight 1, 02:08:48
B>* 222.9.9.9/32 [20/0] via 200.1.9.9, ge4, weight 1, 00:07:15
n1#
سیسکو:
n9# sh ip bgp summary
BGP router identifier 222.9.9.9, local AS number 65002
BGP table version is 59, main routing table version 59
12 network entries using 1440 bytes of memory
13 path entries using 676 bytes of memory
5/5 BGP path/bestpath attribute entries using 620 bytes of memory
1 BGP AS-PATH entries using 24 bytes of memory
0 BGP route-map cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
0 BGP filter-list cache entries using 0 bytes of memory
BGP using 2760 total bytes of memory
BGP activity 30/18 prefixes, 37/24 paths, scan interval 60 secs
Neighbor V AS MsgRcvd MsgSent TblVer InQ OutQ Up/Down State/PfxRcd
200.1.9.1 4 65001 18 11 59 0 0 00:06:16 10
n9#sh ip route
Codes: L - local, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route, + - replicated route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B 1.1.1.0 [20/0] via 200.1.9.1, 00:07:49
B 2.0.0.0/8 [20/2] via 200.1.9.1, 00:07:49
3.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B 3.1.1.0 [20/101] via 200.1.9.1, 00:07:49
7.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B 7.1.1.0 [20/10] via 200.1.9.1, 00:07:49
9.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 9.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
L 9.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet1/0
B 200.1.2.0/24 [20/0] via 200.1.9.1, 00:07:49
B 200.1.3.0/24 [20/0] via 200.1.9.1, 00:07:49
B 200.1.7.0/24 [20/0] via 200.1.9.1, 00:07:49
200.1.9.0/24 is variably subnetted, 2 subnets, 2 masks
C 200.1.9.0/24 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
L 200.1.9.9/32 is directly connected, GigabitEthernet0/0
222.1.1.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B 222.1.1.1 [20/0] via 200.1.9.1, 00:07:51
222.7.7.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
B 222.7.7.7 [20/10] via 200.1.9.1, 00:07:51
222.9.9.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 222.9.9.9 is directly connected, Loopback100
n9#