در این بخش قصد داریم ارتباط روتر سودار با روتر Mikrotik با پروتکل های مسیریابی RIP,OSPF و BGP بررسی کنیم . فرض کنید سناریوی زیر را داریم که روتر n1 سودار و بقیه روتر ها Mikrotik هستند سودار با هر کدام از روترهای Mikrotik با یک پروتکل مسیریابی کار می کند :

soodar-Mikrotik-protocols

همسایگی RIP بین سودار و Mikrotik

تنظیمات RIP در روتر سودار

router rip
 network 200.1.2.0/24
 redistribute connected

تنظیمات RIP در روتر Mikrotik

[admin@MikroTik] > /ip address/print 
Columns: ADDRESS, NETWORK, INTERFACE
# ADDRESS       NETWORK    INTERFACE
0 200.1.2.2/24  200.1.2.0  ether1   
1 2.1.1.1/24    2.1.1.0    ether2   
[admin@MikroTik] > /routing/rip/interface/print 
 0 instance=1 address=200.1.2.2%ether1 

 1 instance=1 address=2.1.1.1%ether2 
[admin@MikroTik] > /routing/rip/instance/print 
Flags: X - disabled 
 0   name="1" redistribute=connected 
[admin@MikroTik] > /routing/rip/export 
# jun/17/2023 05:22:10 by RouterOS 7.1rc7
# software id = 
#
/routing rip instance
add name=1 redistribute=connected
/routing rip interface-template
add instance=1

بررسی همسایگی در سودار و در میکروتیک

سودار :

n1# sh ip rip status 
Routing Protocol is "rip"
  Sending updates every 30 seconds with +/-50%, next due in 28 seconds
  Timeout after 180 seconds, garbage collect after 120 seconds
  Outgoing update filter list for all interface is not set
  Incoming update filter list for all interface is not set
  Default redistribution metric is 1
  Redistributing: connected
  Default version control: send version 2, receive any version 
    Interface        Send  Recv   Key-chain
    ge0              2     1 2    
  Routing for Networks:
    200.1.2.0/24
  Routing Information Sources:
    Gateway          BadPackets BadRoutes  Distance Last Update
    200.1.2.2                1         0       120   00:00:12
  Distance: (default is 120)
n1# 

n1# sh ip fib         
Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP,
       O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, E - EIGRP, N - NHRP,
       T - Table, v - VNC, V - VNC-Direct, A - Babel, D - SHARP,
       F - PBR, f - OpenFabric, W - WG,
       > - selected route, * - FIB route, q - queued, r - rejected, b - backup
       t - trapped, o - offload failure

C>* 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, ge2, 01:23:01
R>* 2.0.0.0/8 [120/2] via 200.1.2.2, ge0, weight 1, 00:10:04
C>* 200.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, ge0, 01:23:01
C>* 200.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, ge1, 01:23:01
C>* 200.1.7.0/24 is directly connected, ge3, 01:23:01
C>* 200.1.9.0/24 is directly connected, ge4, 01:23:01
C>* 222.1.1.1/32 is directly connected, loopback100, 01:23:07
n1# 

Mikrotik:

[admin@MikroTik] > /routing/rip/neighbor/print 
Flags: D - dynamic 
 0 D instance=1 address=200.1.2.1%ether1 routes=5 packets-total=34 
     packets-bad=0 entries-bad=0 last-update=6s 
[admin@MikroTik] > /ip route/print 
Flags: D - DYNAMIC; A - ACTIVE; c, r, y - COPY
Columns: DST-ADDRESS, GATEWAY, DISTANCE
    DST-ADDRESS   GATEWAY    DISTANCE
DAr 1.1.1.0/24    200.1.2.1       120
DAc 2.1.1.0/24    ether2            0
DAc 200.1.2.0/24  ether1            0
DAr 200.1.3.0/24  200.1.2.1       120
DAr 200.1.7.0/24  200.1.2.1       120
[admin@MikroTik] > 

همسایگی OSPF بین سودار و Mikrotik

تنظیمات OSPF در روتر سودار

router ospf
 ospf router-id 222.1.1.1
 redistribute connected
 redistribute rip
 network 200.1.3.0/24 area 0
!

تنظیمات OSPF در روتر Mikrotik

interface GigabitEthernet0/0
 ip address 200.1.3.3 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf 1 area 0
 duplex full
 speed 1000
 media-type gbic
 negotiation auto
 !
!
interface GigabitEthernet1/0
 ip address 3.1.1.1 255.255.255.0
 ip ospf 1 area 0
 negotiation auto
 !
!
router ospf 1
 router-id 222.3.3.3
 log-adjacency-changes
 passive-interface GigabitEthernet1/0
!

بررسی همسایگی در سودار و در میکروتیک

سودار :

n1# sh ip ospf neighbor 

Neighbor ID     Pri State           Dead Time Address         Interface         
               RXmtL RqstL DBsmL
200.1.3.3       128 Full/DR           38.398s 200.1.3.3       ge1:200.1.3.1     
                   0     0     0
n1# sh ip fib 
Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP,
       O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, E - EIGRP, N - NHRP,
       T - Table, v - VNC, V - VNC-Direct, A - Babel, D - SHARP,
       F - PBR, f - OpenFabric, W - WG,
       > - selected route, * - FIB route, q - queued, r - rejected, b - backup
       t - trapped, o - offload failure

C>* 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, ge2, 00:25:58
R>* 2.1.1.0/24 [120/2] via 200.1.2.2, ge0, weight 1, 00:25:57
O>* 3.1.1.0/24 [110/101] via 200.1.3.3, ge1, weight 1, 00:25:42
C>* 200.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, ge0, 00:25:58
C>* 200.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, ge1, 00:25:58
C>* 200.1.7.0/24 is directly connected, ge3, 00:25:58

میکروتیک:

[admin@MikroTik] > /routing/ospf/instance/print 
Flags: X - disabled, I - inactive 
 0   name="ospf-instance-1" version=2 vrf=main router-id=main 
     redistribute=connected 
[admin@MikroTik] > /routing/ospf/interface/print 
Flags: D - dynamic 
 0 D address=200.1.3.3%ether1 area=0.0.0.0 state=dr network-type=broadcast 
     bdr=200.1.3.1 cost=1 priority=128 retransmit-interval=5s 
     transmit-delay=1s hello-interval=10s dead-interval=40s 
[admin@MikroTik] > /routing/ospf/neighbor/print 
Flags: V - virtual; D - dynamic 
 0  D instance=ospf-instance-1 area=0.0.0.0 address=200.1.3.1 priority=1 
      router-id=222.1.1.1 dr=200.1.3.3 bdr=200.1.3.1 state="Full" 
      state-changes=6 adjacency=19m48s timeout=32s 
[admin@MikroTik] > 
[admin@MikroTik] > /ip route/print 
Flags: D - DYNAMIC; A - ACTIVE; c, o, y - COPY
Columns: DST-ADDRESS, GATEWAY, DISTANCE
    DST-ADDRESS   GATEWAY           DISTANCE
DAo 1.1.1.0/24    200.1.3.1%ether1       110
DAo 2.1.1.0/24    200.1.3.1%ether1       110
DAc 3.1.1.0/24    ether2                   0
DAo 200.1.2.0/24  200.1.3.1%ether1       110
DAc 200.1.3.0/24  ether1                   0
DAo 200.1.7.0/24  200.1.3.1%ether1       110

همسایگی BGP بین سودار و Mikrotik

تنظیمات BGP در روتر سودار

interface ge3
 no shutdown
 ip address 200.1.7.1/24
exit
!
router bgp 1717
 no bgp ebgp-requires-policy
 neighbor 200.1.7.7 remote-as 7171
 !
 address-family ipv4 unicast
  redistribute connected
  redistribute rip
  redistribute ospf
 exit-address-family
exit

تنظیمات BGP در روتر Mikrotik

[admin@MikroTik] > /ip address/print 
Columns: ADDRESS, NETWORK, INTERFACE
# ADDRESS       NETWORK    INTERFACE
0 7.1.1.1/24    7.1.1.0    ether2   
1 200.1.7.7/24  200.1.7.0  ether1   
[admin@MikroTik] > /routing/bgp/export 
# jun/17/2023 05:41:43 by RouterOS 7.1rc7
# software id = 
#
/routing bgp connection
add address-families=ip as=7171 disabled=no local.role=ebgp name=bgp1 \
    output.redistribute=connected remote.address=200.1.7.1 .as=1717 \
    router-id=222.7.7.7 routing-table=main
[admin@MikroTik] > 

بررسی همسایگی در سودار و در میکروتیک

سودار:

n1# sh ip bgp summary 

IPv4 Unicast Summary (VRF default):
BGP router identifier 200.1.7.1, local AS number 1717 vrf-id 0
BGP table version 13
RIB entries 13, using 2392 bytes of memory
Peers 1, using 723 KiB of memory

Neighbor        V         AS   MsgRcvd   MsgSent   TblVer  InQ OutQ  Up/Down Sta
te/PfxRcd   PfxSnt Desc
200.1.7.7       4       7171        44        49        0    0    0 00:37:01    
        2        7 N/A

Total number of neighbors 1
n1# sh ip fib 
Codes: K - kernel route, C - connected, S - static, R - RIP,
       O - OSPF, I - IS-IS, B - BGP, E - EIGRP, N - NHRP,
       T - Table, v - VNC, V - VNC-Direct, A - Babel, D - SHARP,
       F - PBR, f - OpenFabric, W - WG,
       > - selected route, * - FIB route, q - queued, r - rejected, b - backup
       t - trapped, o - offload failure

C>* 1.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, ge2, 00:37:07
R>* 2.1.1.0/24 [120/2] via 200.1.2.2, ge0, weight 1, 00:37:06
O>* 3.1.1.0/24 [110/101] via 200.1.3.3, ge1, weight 1, 00:36:51
B>* 7.1.1.0/24 [20/0] via 200.1.7.7, ge3, weight 1, 00:37:06
C>* 200.1.2.0/24 is directly connected, ge0, 00:37:07
C>* 200.1.3.0/24 is directly connected, ge1, 00:37:07
C>* 200.1.7.0/24 is directly connected, ge3, 00:37:07
n1# 

‍‍‍ میکروتیک:

[admin@MikroTik] > /routing/bgp/session/print 
Flags: E - established 
 0 E remote.address=200.1.7.1 .as=1717 .id=200.1.7.1 .refused-cap-opt=no 
     .capabilities=mp,rr,em,gr,as4,ap,err,fqdn .messages=47 .bytes=1146 
     .gr-time=120 .eor=ip 
     local.address=200.1.7.7 .as=7171 .id=222.7.7.7 
     .capabilities=mp,rr,gr,as4 .messages=41 .bytes=812 .eor="" 
     output.procid=20 
     input.procid=20 ebgp 
     hold-time=3m keepalive-time=1m 
[admin@MikroTik] > /ip route/print 
Flags: D - DYNAMIC; A - ACTIVE; c, b, y - COPY
Columns: DST-ADDRESS, GATEWAY, DISTANCE
    DST-ADDRESS   GATEWAY    DISTANCE
DAb 1.1.1.0/24    200.1.7.1        20
DAb 2.1.1.0/24    200.1.7.1        20
DAb 3.1.1.0/24    200.1.7.1        20
DAc 7.1.1.0/24    ether2            0
DAb 200.1.2.0/24  200.1.7.1        20
DAb 200.1.3.0/24  200.1.7.1        20
D b 200.1.7.0/24  200.1.7.1        20
DAc 200.1.7.0/24  ether1            0